Rhythm doctor chinese1/27/2024 ![]() Rural healthcare began to change in 1949, when the People's Republic of China was established. In addition, according to Gross (2018), there was conflict between those who were loyal to Chinese medicine and those who accepted scientific medicine, which was slowly being introduced to China. As Gross (2018) describes, different medical practitioners filled different roles for rural citizens, who did not have access to the medical elite because those resided mainly in urban centers. By Rosenthal's (1982) account, after the Rural Reconstruction Movement in the 1930s, efforts in rural healthcare increased and rural healthcare experiments in 1950s Shanghai began to shape the barefoot doctor policies that were to come. Leading up to the cultural revolution, China's healthcare system was multifaceted. With the onset of market-oriented reforms after the Cultural Revolution, political support for barefoot doctors dissipated, and "health-care crises of peasants substantially increased after the system broke down in the 1980s." Despite the fact that the official barefoot doctor system came to an end, the legacy of the barefoot doctors inspired the 1978 World Health Organization conference on primary health care and the resulting Alma Ata Declaration. Still, barefoot doctors continued to introduce scientific medicine to rural areas by merging it with Chinese medicine. īarefoot doctors became a part of the Cultural Revolution, which also radically diminished the influence of the Ministry of Health, which was filled with Western-trained doctors. These programs were called "rural cooperative medical systems" (RCMS) and worked to include community participation with the rural provision of health services. China's health policy began to emphasize the importance of barefoot doctors after Mao Zedong's June 26 directive, and, in 1968, the barefoot doctors program became integrated into national policy. In the 1930s, the Rural Reconstruction Movement had pioneered village health workers trained in basic health as part of a coordinated system, and there had been provincial experiments after 1949, but after Mao Zedong's healthcare speech in 1965 the concept was developed and institutionalized. The name comes from southern farmers, who would often work barefoot in the rice paddies, and simultaneously worked as medical practitioners. They promoted basic hygiene, preventive healthcare, and family planning and treated common illnesses. ![]() Their purpose was to bring healthcare to rural areas where urban-trained doctors would not settle. They included farmers, folk healers, rural healthcare providers, and recent middle or secondary school graduates who received minimal basic medical and paramedical education. A barefoot doctor performs acupuncture on a manīarefoot doctors ( Chinese: 赤脚医生 pinyin: chìjiǎo yīshēng) were healthcare providers who underwent basic medical training and worked in rural villages in China.
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